16-7 糖尿病伤到眼底叫视网膜病变，伤到脚叫糖尿病足。这两样在出问题之前几乎没有感觉。早查出来还有得治。等到…
糖尿病伤到眼底叫视网膜病变，伤到脚叫糖尿病足。这两样在出问题之前几乎没有感觉。早查出来还有得治。等到看不见或者脚烂起来，就晚了
来源：美国糖尿病学会 (2026). 糖尿病诊疗标准 2026·第 12 章 视网膜病变、神经病变与足部护理. Diabetes Care：「People with type 2 diabetes should have an initial dilated and comprehensive eye examination by an ophthalmologist or optometrist at the time of the diabetes diagnosis.」「Adults with type 1 diabetes should have an initial dilated and comprehensive eye examination by an ophthalmologist or optometrist 5 years after the onset of diabetes.」「If there is no evidence of retinopathy from one or more annual eye exams and glycemic indicators are within the goal range, then screening every 1–2 years may be considered.」「Perform a comprehensive foot evaluation at least annually to identify risk factors for ulcers and amputations.」https://doi.org/10.2337/dc26-S012
补充说明：2 型糖尿病确诊的时候就要查，1 型是发病 5 年后才开始查。差别在于 2 型往往已经悄悄高了好几年。查过一两次没事、血糖也达标的，可以放宽到 1 到 2 年一次。脚上感觉变迟钝的人，每天自己看一眼脚底，用镜子照也行。肾也要每年查，见第 13 条（尿白蛋白肌酐比）。